Overview
Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins that most often appear in the legs and feet. They occur when the valves inside the veins—responsible for keeping blood flowing toward the heart—become weak or damaged, causing blood to pool.
They are common, especially as we age, and while often more of a cosmetic concern, they can sometimes cause discomfort, signal an underlying circulation issue, or lead to serious health problems.
Common Symptoms
- Dark purple or blue veins visible under the skin
- Veins that look bulging or rope-like
- Aching, throbbing, or heaviness in the legs
- Swelling in the lower legs or ankles
- Itching or burning around affected veins
- Symptoms that worsen after standing or sitting for long periods
Risk Factors
- Age
- Female
- Multiple pregnancies
- Family history
- Prolonged sitting or standing
- Obesity
- Previous leg injury or blood clot
Treatment Options
- Vein surgery – vein stripping, ambulatory phlebectomy
- Ablation therapy
- Sclerotherapy
- Compression stockings
Lifestyle Modifications
- Wear comfortable shoes (avoid high heels for long periods)
- Change positions often if standing or sitting for prolonged periods
- Stay adequately hydrated
- Keep skin moisturized to prevent irritation
- Monitor for skin changes, sores, or sudden swelling
- Smoking cessation
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Physical activity – discuss with your healthcare provider what is recommended for you
Talking Points for Your Healthcare Provider: Doctor
- When discussing varicose veins with your healthcare provider, you may want to ask:
- Are my varicose veins just a cosmetic concern, or do they signal a bigger issue?
- What lifestyle changes would help my circulation?
- Would compression stockings be right for me?
- What are the pros and cons of treatment options available for my age and health?
- How can I reduce discomfort and swelling day-to-day?
- Are there any warning signs I should watch for that require urgent attention?
When to Seek Immediate Care
- Sudden, severe swelling or pain in one leg
- Warmth, redness, or tenderness along a vein (possible blood clot)
- Open sores near varicose veins
- Ask your healthcare provider for any guidance they may have on when you should seek emergency care
This content was created with the assistance of AI. Any AI-generated content was reviewed by a Nurse Practitioner.