At Risk for Diabetes: Understanding Your Next Steps

If you have been told you may be at risk for developing diabetes, you may feel uncertain about what to do next. The good news is that early awareness gives you the opportunity to take steps that can protect your health.

This guide explains:

Signs and symptoms to watch for
Tests your healthcare provider may use
What prediabetes means
Practical next steps to reduce your risk

Why Being “At Risk” Matters

Type 2 diabetes often develops gradually. In many cases, blood sugar levels rise slowly over time before reaching the level of diabetes.

During this stage, a person may have prediabetes, meaning blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not yet in the diabetes range.

The important thing to know: Early action can often delay or prevent diabetes.

Common Symptoms of Diabetes

Many people have no noticeable symptoms early on. However, some individuals may experience warning signs.

Possible symptoms include:

✔ Increased thirst
✔ Frequent urination
✔ Feeling very hungry even after eating
✔ Fatigue or low energy
✔ Blurry vision
✔ Slow-healing cuts or sores
✔ Frequent infections
✔ Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet

If you experience these symptoms, speak with your healthcare provider.

Tests Used to Screen for Diabetes

Your healthcare provider may recommend one or more blood tests to evaluate your glucose levels.

A1C Test

The A1C test measures your average blood sugar over the past 2–3 months.

Advantages:

No fasting required
Provides a longer-term picture of blood sugar control

Fasting Blood Glucose Test

This test measures blood sugar after not eating for at least 8 hours.

It is often performed in the morning.

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)

This test measures how your body processes sugar.

You will:

Have your blood sugar measured
Drink a glucose solution
Have your blood sugar tested again after two hours

Random Blood Glucose Test

This test checks blood sugar at any time of day, regardless of when you last ate.

It may be used if symptoms of diabetes are present.

Understanding Prediabetes

Prediabetes means your blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not yet high enough for a diabetes diagnosis.

This condition signals that your body may be developing insulin resistance, which can eventually lead to Type 2 diabetes.

Many people with prediabetes do not know they have it until they are tested.

Your Next Steps if You Are at Risk

If your healthcare provider identifies risk factors or early changes in blood sugar, several steps may be recommended.

Schedule Regular Health Visits

Routine monitoring allows your healthcare provider to track:

Blood sugar levels
Blood pressure
Cholesterol levels
Weight changes

These factors influence diabetes risk.

Adopt Healthy Eating Habits

Helpful strategies may include:

✔ Choosing more vegetables and whole foods
✔ Limiting added sugars and refined carbohydrates
✔ Paying attention to portion sizes
✔ Drinking water instead of sugary beverages

Always consult with your healthcare provider or dietician first before making any significant dietary changes.

Increase Physical Activity

Regular movement helps the body use insulin more effectively.

Many healthcare providers recommend about 150 minutes of moderate activity per week, such as:

Walking
Cycling
Swimming
Strength training

Remember – always consult with your healthcare provider first before starting any new exercises. Ask your healthcare provider what exercises are safe and recommended for you, and how much exercise is safe for you to complete each day/week.

Maintain a Healthy Weight

Even modest weight loss can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce diabetes risk.

Your healthcare provider can help determine a healthy target for you.

Monitor Your Health Numbers

Tracking important health indicators helps guide prevention efforts.

Important numbers include:

Blood sugar
A1C
Blood pressure
Cholesterol levels

When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider

Speak with your healthcare provider if you:

✔ Experience symptoms of high blood sugar
✔ Have a family history of diabetes
✔ Have been diagnosed with prediabetes
✔ Are unsure about your screening schedule

Early detection and management can help reduce the risk of developing diabetes-related complications.

Prevention Checklist

☐ Schedule recommended blood sugar tests
☐ Maintain regular physical activity, as approved by your healthcare provider
☐ Choose balanced meals
☐ Maintain a healthy weight
☐ Attend routine medical appointments
☐ Monitor symptoms and report changes

Small, consistent steps can make a meaningful difference in long-term health.

Medical Disclaimer

This resource is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Individuals should consult their physician or qualified healthcare provider for personalized screening recommendations and diabetes prevention strategies. Always follow individualized medical guidance and seek prompt care for concerning symptoms or abnormal test results. Call 911 if you are experiencing a medical emergency.

Sources:

This handout is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions.

This content was created with the assistance of AI. Any AI-generated content was reviewed by a Nurse Practitioner.