Eating Well with Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a long-term condition that causes inflammation in the large intestine (colon). Many people find that certain foods can affect how they feel — especially during flare-ups.

There is no single diet that works for everyone with UC. The goal is to find foods that help you feel your best while still getting the nutrients your body needs.

Keeping a simple food journal can help you and your care team identify patterns.

Always consult with your healthcare provider first before making any significant dietary changes.

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Foods That May Be Easier to Tolerate

Some foods are gentle on the digestive system and may help during symptom flare-ups:

Healthy Fats

• Fatty fish such as salmon
• Avocados
• Smooth nut butters (like peanut butter)

Soft Proteins

• Eggs
• Lean poultry
• Tender fish
• Tofu (if tolerated)

Cooked or Soft Vegetables

• Squash (zucchini, butternut)
• Well-cooked carrots
• Peeled potatoes

Cooking vegetables makes them easier to digest.

Easy-to-Digest Grains

• Oatmeal
• White rice
• Soft breads

Lower-fiber grains may feel better during flare-ups.

Gut-Friendly Options

Some people tolerate:

• Yogurt with live cultures
• Fermented foods (in small amounts)

If dairy causes discomfort, lactose-free options may help.

Soothing Foods

• Applesauce
• Bananas
• Broth-based soups

These may help when appetite is low.

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Foods That May Trigger Symptoms

Certain foods can worsen symptoms for some people:

• Alcohol
• Caffeine
• Carbonated beverages
• High-fiber foods during flare-ups
• Raw fruits and vegetables
• Beans and legumes
• Fried or fatty meats
• Nuts and seeds
• Popcorn
• Artificial sweeteners (such as sorbitol)
• Spicy foods

Not everyone reacts the same way — tracking your response can help.

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Helpful Eating Strategies

✔ Eat smaller meals more often
✔ Drink fluids regularly
✔ Choose soft, well-cooked foods during flare-ups
✔ Introduce new foods slowly
✔ Limit foods that worsen diarrhea or cramping

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Nutrition Matters More with Age

Older adults may have:

• Reduced appetite
• Increased risk of dehydration
• Higher nutrient needs

Focus on foods that provide:

✔ Protein
✔ Vitamins
✔ Healthy calories

Your provider may recommend supplements if needed. Always consult with your healthcare provider first before starting any new supplements or making any significant dietary changes. 

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During Symptom Flares

When symptoms worsen:

• Avoid raw produce
• Limit whole grains
• Reduce fatty or spicy foods

Instead, choose:

✔ Soft foods
✔ Low-fiber options
✔ Simple proteins

Always follow your provider’s recommendations during flare-ups.

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When to Talk to Your Doctor

Contact your healthcare provider if you notice:

• Unintended weight loss
• Ongoing diarrhea
• Trouble eating
• Fatigue
• Signs of dehydration
• Always ask your healthcare provider for specific advice on when to call to report symptoms, and when to seek urgent/emergency care.  

Nutrition support can help maintain strength and prevent complications.

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Medical Disclaimer

This material is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment from a qualified healthcare provider. Individuals should consult their physician or registered dietitian regarding personal medical concerns, symptoms, or before making changes to diet or treatment plans. Seek prompt medical attention if symptoms worsen or new concerning symptoms develop. Call 911 if you are experiencing a medical emergency.