Managing Your Diet With Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

When the kidneys aren’t filtering waste and fluids as effectively as they should, certain minerals — such as potassium, phosphorus, and sodium — can build up in the body. Over time, this can strain the heart, bones, and other organs. Dietary changes can help manage these imbalances and support kidney health.
Because every patient’s needs are different, it’s important to review all dietary changes with your healthcare provider or a registered dietitian.

General Nutrition Goals

• Support kidney function by limiting excess potassium, phosphorus, and sodium.
• Prevent fluid buildup and maintain energy through balanced meals.
• Adjust your diet as your CKD progresses and based on your lab results.

Better-for-You Choices (Lower in Potassium and Phosphorus)

Fruits

Apples, berries, cherries, grapes, peaches, pineapples, plums, and watermelon.

Vegetables

Cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage, carrots, green beans, cucumbers, onions, peppers, radishes, summer squash, and lettuce.

Carbohydrates

White bread, white rice, corn or rice cereals, English muffins, unsalted popcorn, tortillas, and pita bread.

Dairy

Limit to small portions — such as ½ cup of milk or yogurt, or 1 oz of cheese per day — unless your provider recommends otherwise.

Proteins

Lean meats like chicken or turkey, small portions of beef or pork, and non-GMO soy in moderation.

Flavor Enhancers

Use herbs, spices, garlic, lemon juice, and low-salt seasoning blends instead of salt substitutes.

Foods to Use Caution With (Higher in Potassium/Phosphorus)

Fruits

Avocados, bananas, cantaloupe, honeydew, oranges, kiwis, prunes, raisins, and star fruit.

Vegetables

Spinach, potatoes, tomatoes, beets, winter squash, artichokes, asparagus, and plantains.

Carbohydrates

Whole grains, bran cereals, granola, oatmeal, beans, and brown or wild rice.

Proteins

Large portions of meat, nuts, sunflower seeds, and processed or cured meats (such as bacon or sausage).

Other

Salt substitutes, added table salt, and high-phosphorus foods like dark colas or packaged cheese sauces.

Managing Thirst and Fluid Intake

If your healthcare provider recommends limiting fluids, try these strategies to stay comfortable:

• Chew sugar-free gum or suck on a piece of ice.
• Rinse your mouth with cool water (without swallowing).
• Use mints or hard candy (limit if diabetic).

Key Takeaways

• Your specific dietary limits depend on your CKD stage and lab results.
• Even healthy foods can become harmful in large portions — balance and moderation are key.
• Always work with your nephrologist or dietitian to tailor your eating plan.

Medical Disclaimer

This resource is provided for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information presented is general in nature and may not apply to every individual or health situation.

Individuals should consult their physician or another qualified healthcare professional for personalized medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations related to their specific health conditions.

Do not ignore or delay seeking professional medical advice because of information contained in this resource.

Call 911 if you are experiencing a medical emergency.