MASLD & MASH Explained

You may have heard the terms fatty liver disease or NASH in the past.

Today, doctors use updated terms:

• MASLD (Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease)
• MASH (Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis)

These newer names better describe how metabolic health affects the liver.

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What is MASLD?

MASLD occurs when:

➡️ Fat builds up in the liver
AND
➡️ A person has at least one metabolic risk factor such as:

• Type 2 diabetes or prediabetes
• High blood pressure
• High cholesterol or triglycerides
• Extra weight (especially around the abdomen)

MASLD is common and often has no symptoms in early stages.

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What is MASH?

MASH is a more serious form of MASLD.

It occurs when:

➡️ Fat buildup leads to inflammation and liver injury

Over time, this can cause:

• Scarring of the liver (fibrosis)
• Advanced scarring (cirrhosis)
• Liver failure

Not everyone with MASLD develops MASH.

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Common Symptoms

MASLD

Many people feel normal.

Possible symptoms may include:

• Fatigue
• Mild abdominal discomfort
• Feeling generally unwell

Often, there are no noticeable symptoms.

MASH

As inflammation develops, symptoms may include:

• Fatigue
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea
• Abdominal discomfort
• Unexplained weight changes

In advanced stages:

• Swelling in legs or abdomen
• Yellowing of skin or eyes (jaundice)
• Easy bruising

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Common Tests

Doctors may use several tools to evaluate liver health.

For MASLD

Common tests include:

• Blood tests (liver enzymes)
• Ultrasound
• CT or MRI scans

These help detect fat in the liver.

For MASH

Additional tests may include:

• Fibrosis (liver stiffness) testing
• Specialized blood tests
• Liver biopsy (in some cases)

These help determine if inflammation or scarring is present.

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Common Treatments

There is no single cure, but treatment can help slow or reverse early disease.

MASLD Treatment

Focus is on improving metabolic health:

• Weight management
• Physical activity
• Healthy eating
• Managing blood sugar
• Controlling cholesterol
• Managing blood pressure

MASH Treatment

Treatment may include:

• Lifestyle changes
• Managing related health conditions
• Medications (in some cases)
• Monitoring for complications

In advanced disease, specialized liver care may be needed.

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Why Early Detection Matters

Both MASLD and MASH can develop slowly.

Early care can:

✔ Prevent progression
✔ Reduce complications
✔ Improve overall health

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Medical Disclaimer

This resource is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. MASLD and MASH affect individuals differently depending on overall health, medical history, and other conditions. Always consult your physician or qualified healthcare provider for evaluation, testing, and treatment decisions. Do not make changes to medications or lifestyle without professional guidance. Call 911 if you are experiencing a medical emergency.