Understanding Cholesterol Levels
Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that plays an important role in the body. While some cholesterol is necessary for health, too much of certain types can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.
Where Cholesterol Comes From
Your body makes most of the cholesterol it needs in the liver. Additional cholesterol can come from foods, especially those derived from animals.
Cholesterol is used to:
- Build cell membranes
- Produce certain hormones
- Help with digestion
- Support vitamin D production
Because cholesterol does not dissolve in blood, it travels through the bloodstream attached to proteins called lipoproteins.
The Main Cholesterol Levels
1. HDL Cholesterol (Often Called “GOOD” Cholesterol)
HDL helps carry excess cholesterol away from the blood vessels and back to the liver, where it can be removed from the body.
Higher HDL levels are generally associated with:
- Better heart health
- Lower risk of heart attack and stroke
2. LDL Cholesterol (Often Called “BAD” Cholesterol)
LDL carries cholesterol from the liver to the rest of the body. When there is too much LDL, cholesterol can build up along artery walls.
Elevated LDL levels can:
- Narrow blood vessels
- Reduce blood flow
- Increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, and circulation problems
3. Triglycerides
Triglycerides are a type of fat that stores unused calories for energy. High levels often occur alongside high LDL or low HDL cholesterol.
High triglycerides may be linked to:
- Increased cardiovascular risk
- Poor blood sugar control
- Excess calorie or alcohol intake
4. What “Total Cholesterol” Represents
Total cholesterol is a combined measurement that reflects multiple blood fats.
Total Cholesterol is calculated using:
- HDL cholesterol
- LDL cholesterol
- A portion of triglycerides
While total cholesterol gives a general overview, looking at each individual number provides a clearer picture of heart health.
Why Cholesterol Balance Matters
When cholesterol and triglyceride levels are not well controlled, fatty deposits can form inside blood vessels. Over time, this can limit blood flow and increase the risk of serious cardiovascular events.
Maintaining healthy levels helps protect:
- The heart
- The brain
- Blood vessels throughout the body
Supporting Healthy Cholesterol Levels
Small lifestyle changes can make a meaningful difference:
- Choose foods rich in unsaturated fats (such as fish, nuts, seeds, and plant oils)
- Limit foods high in saturated and trans fats
- Stay physically active
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Follow medication instructions if prescribed
Important Note
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical advice. Cholesterol targets and treatment plans vary by individual. Always discuss lab results and treatment options with your healthcare provider.
Learn more at: https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cholesterol
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⚠️ Medical Disclaimer
The information provided in this resource is for general educational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Individual needs vary based on medical history, medications, allergies, and overall health status.
Before making any changes to your diet, trying new foods, modifying portion sizes, or following any lifestyle recommendations, please consult your physician, registered dietitian, or other qualified healthcare provider. If you have diabetes, kidney disease, gastrointestinal conditions, heart disease, food intolerances, or other chronic health concerns, discussing lifestyles changes with your healthcare team is especially important.